From: WOLFE@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Reply-To: WOLFE@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Subject: Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma
Organization: MIT



                  Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
                        May 15, 2000

Operations
-----------

Plasma Operations continued at Alcator C-Mod last week. Four run days were
scheduled and completed. A total of 79 plasma shots were produced, with a
startup reliability of 90%.

Last week was the first official week of the physics phase of the current
campaign. Runs were dedicated to experiments in Core Transport, Impurity
Control, and Neutral Effects. One run was also devoted to continuing
development and commissioning of the ICRF system.

A fresh boronization is being performed on Monday.  Physics operations are
scheduled to continue this week.

Physics and Diagnostics
-----------------------

One run day last week was dedicated to a determination of the profiles of the
impurity diffusion coefficient and convection velocity during P-mode, induced
by lithium pellet injection (MP#256). Complete radial brightness profiles for
He-like argon lines were obtained. Density and temperature profiles were
obtained from Thomson scattering.  The radial scan was done at 1 MA plasma
current, with the prospect of moving the location of the P-mode peaking out in
radius. However, the peaking occured inside of 6.5 cm in minor radius, the
same location that was seen for 0.8 MA previously.  Most shots had 2 pellets,
for a comparison of Ohmic P-mode with ICRF PEP mode.  This should allow for a
complete characterization of the impurity transport coefficient profiles in
conjunction with modeling from MIST.

The effects of main chamber recycling on H-mode threshold and confinement were
investigated (MP #262) in a systematic scan of the inner gap, with the outer
gap held constant at a relatively large value of approximately 20mm. The gap
to the inner wall was varied from 0 (marginally limited) to over 25mm. Plasma
current, target density, and overall plasma shape were held constant. The
dominant x-point was at the bottom, and the upper, secondary x-point was
outside the vessel. During the scan from 26mm to 3mm we observed no change in
divertor gas pressure, outboard midplane gas pressure, divertor radiation, or
Zeff. However, the gas pressure in the upper "divertor" region changed by a
factor of about 5 and the H-mode power threshold increased by ~40%; no H-mode
was obtained for the marginally-limited cases. Detailed analysis of these data
is in progress.

The purpose of Friday's run (MP#225) was to isolate the relative contribution
of Mo sources from the inner wall, outer limiter/antennas, and divertor to the
core Mo levels. A new feature of these experiments was the use of emissive
probes to directly measure the plasma potential during RF operation. the
potentials measured by the probes (one on each side of the AB limiter) were
found to correlate with operation of the antennas connected to them by field
lines. In the case of the A side of the limiter this means the J4 antenna, for
the B-side of the limiter this means the D-antenna. Potentials in the range of
50-200V were observed whan the corresponding antenna was energized. The
measured potentials verify that sheath rectification does occur, and that the
potentials are substantial.  The results on the comparison of antenna sources
indicate that the Mo source rate and effect on the core by the J antennas are
considerably reduced from last run period. However, the source rate from the J
antennas and the effect on the core (n_mo) were typically a factor of 2-3
larger than with the D-antenna for equivalent launched power.

Results from the optical diagnostic investigating fluctuations in the C-Mod
SOL show no obvious differences in the SOL fluctuation characteristics during
EDA H-mode and L-mode plasmas. Frequency spectra at radial locations rho=4, 8,
and 11 mm are similar, as are the autocorrelation functions of the intensity
fluctuations. In addition, radial profiles of intensity fluctuations have been
measured using this diagnostic by scanning the separatrix dynamically during
ohmic, L-mode discharges. Inside of rho=20 mm the fluctuation level is 10 to
20%, rising slightly at the smaller rho's. Outside of rho=20 mm, it increases
rapidly to ~60%. Since the dependence of the line intensity has a
less-than-linear dependence upon n_e, this intensity fluctuation profile
implies that the normalized density fluctuation profile decreases (with
increasing rho) from 40-80% at rho's < 10 mm, is ~20-30% for 10<rho<20 mm, and
then increases sharply beyond rho>20 mm.  These observations show an opposite
trend from the results in which an "effective diffusion coeficient" is derived
from determinations of the SOL particle fluxes, gradients, and source
functions. The trend in D_eff is one that decreases to quite low values as rho
decreases from 10 mm to 0mm (the separatrix).

ICRF Systems
------------

The ICRF system was run in support of physics experiments this week, as noted
above. D-port and J-port antennas were used to provide up to 1.5MW and 2.5MW,
respectively. An arc in an elbow located below the phase shifter in the
E-port external transmission line prevented use of the E-port antenna this
week. This component has now been replaced.

DNB Systems
------------

The DNB operated into C-Mod plasmas 4 days last week, although two days were
cut short due to HV overheating problems.  A perveance scan at 39kV was
completed, voltage regulation of filament supplies was tested with and without
CMOD shots, and a boron CXRS line at 7619A was checked.  The BES signals were
compared for low voltage (34kV & 32kV), close-to-perveance beams and
high-voltage (45kV), far-from-perveance but higher current beams.  Data
analysis is ongoing.

Instrumentation was set up to monitor substation voltage at the alternator
exciter supply input.  A survey of available power sources for the new DNB
service was made and plans for both boosting the filament voltage and adding
different service are being made.



Travel, Visitors, etc.
------------------------

The regular Quarterly Review of the Alcator C-Mod Program was held on 11 May,
by video conferencing. Bill Rowan (U. Texas) presented a Status Report on the
Diagnostic Neutral Beam; Jim Irby reported on other aspects of the Machine and
Facility Status; Ron Parker and Montgomery Grimes presented a Lower Hybrid
Project Status Report; Amanda Hubbard and Catherine Fiore summarized some
Recent Physics Results; and Steve Wolfe presented plans for the Physics
Schedule for the current campaign.  Rostom Dagazian, Warren Marton, Curt
Bolton, and Erol Oktay participated from the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences.

Martin Greenwald spent two days at ORNL participating in a review of the
fueling and heating technology programs.

Ron Bravenec (UTx) was at C-Mod last week primarily to learn how to operate
the DNB.  This is in keeping with the commmittment of the Texas group to take
on primary responsibility for routine operation of the beam.  BES signals from
the beam emission were also measured and found to be small.  This result is
believed to be due to two principal reasons: i) the deuterium beam does not
provide enough Doppler shift to separate the beam emission from the background
D-alpha emission, and ii) the beam is presently off perveance and therefore
not well focussed.

David Winslow (UTx) installed the probe head on the UT Turbulence Probe and
started baking the line.  A small leak was discovered in a vent valve which
will be repaired.