From: IRBY@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Reply-To: IRBY@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Subject:   Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
Organization: MIT
Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma

            Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
                  Jan 8, 2001
 


Last week the C-Mod vacuum vessel was subjected to a standard pre-entry
de-boronization procedure consisting of one night of glow discharge cleaning
followed by backfilling and an overnight purge with room-air. No diborane was
detected at any point during the up-to-air process, and invessel work began on
Thursday morning with an inspection and photographic survey. As expected,
the D and E-port ICRF antennas, wall components, and most diagnostics were
found to be in good condition.  Details of observations made of the J-port
antenna and MSE diagnostic collection optics are discussed below.

Work continued last week on the Lower Hybrid system, upgrades to the RF
control system, and general maintenance of engineering systems.


Physics
--------

More analysis has been carried out on the data from the two-frequency ITB
experiments carried out on Alcator C-Mod on December  20, 2000.
In order to reliably produce the density barrier mode with off-axis ICRF
heating only, it was found that a high enough plasma target density was
essential, in this case a core nl = 1.0X10^20. Using the higher target
density produces a sustained EDA H-mode phase with an early L->H transition
at (0.7-0.8) s, and void of any back (H->L) transitions.  It has been suggested
that the higher target density effectively dilutes the plasma impurities,
leading to less radiation, and thus avoiding a collapse of the H-mode phase.
The density increases were quite strong in many of these higher target
density plasmas with ne0 (from Thomson scattering) rising to 8 X
10^20. The density profiles as measured from visible bremsstrahlung
also exhibited clear peaking.

Successful on-axis heating was also carried out with the 70 MHz J-port
power during the density barrier phase, at different rf power levels
and at different times.  Increases in the neutron rate and central Ti
were produced by injecting J-port power late in the discharge (1.25 -
1.5 sec) after the density barrier formed. The density increase during
barrier formation was found to be arrested in some shots by the
injection of the J-port power. Interestingly enough, on other shots the
density increase was also found to continue during J-port
heating. Thus it is possible that the on-axis heating causes the
density barrier to "leak" under certain plasma conditions. A scan of
the radial position of the HIREX diagnostic was also carried out to
get data for Ti and plasma rotation profiles during on-axis heating
of the density barrier mode. The data obtained during this day of
running should be adequate to carry out a careful transport analysis
in order to determine if heating inside a thermal energy barrier was
occurring in these plasmas.

Mode-converted ion Bernstein waves (IBW) near the ion-ion hybrid layer
between Hydrogen and Helium-3 were again observed with the Phase
Contrast Imaging (PCI) system on the 22 December 2000 run. Plasmas
were run with high field (5.9 T), low density (ne0 ~ 1 10^20) and low
current (400 kA), and a comparable mix of H, He-3 and D in order to have
mode conversion occur near the plasma center. Strong signals (5 to 6
times background) were seen for both the D and E port antenna launch (the
PCI is directly in front of the E port antenna). rf wave code results
from TORIC suggest that the mode-conversion layer and associated
electron Landau damping should be more aligned along a vertical chord
at lower plasma current, hopefully simplifying the PCI observation,
which vertically integrates along 12 channels. Preliminary results
indicate that there is still IBW signal in several distinct major
radial locations, but possibly more localized than in the high current
case from 23 June 2000.


General Engineering
-------------------

Following warm-up of the machine last week, maintenance of the cryo
system was begun.  LN2 control valves are being reworked, filters will be
checked and cleaned, and the LN2 sump will be opened up and inspected.
The LN2 manifold that distributes the liquid nitrogen to the magnets has
been checked for loose connections with nothing found.

Invessel video is now available via the web.  During manned entries either
the wireless cameras or the wide angle view can be found at:

http://www.psfc.mit.edu/cmod/online/control_room_rv1.html

or

rtsp://www.psfc.mit.edu/encoder/cmod.rm

Pictures from the invessel survey can be found at:

http://www.psfc.mit.edu/cmod/operations/EngImages/CmodImages.asp?ref=/INVESSEL/2001/Up_to_air_survey/


ICRF System
-----------

Arc sites found on the J-port (four-strap) antenna were consistent with
along-field-line paths between exposed metal components. This observation is
also consistent with expectations based on video images of the antenna during
plasma operation. Changes now being implemented to the boron nitride and moly
tiles on the antenna should ameliorate this problem.  Impurity injections from
these sites had limited coupled rf power during four-strap operation
to <= 2.5 MW if plasma disruptions were to be avoided.  This level of
operation was much better than obtained before the July modifications to the
antenna (<=1.3 MW).  We are hopeful that changes made during the current
up-to-air will allow us to step up to somewhat higher levels of reliably
coupled rf power without disruptions.

Work was begun last week on installation of digital panel meters for the
transmitter tuning circuits.  A layout for the interface
board required has been produced and should be ready to send out for
fabrication soon.  Work was also started on design of the remote control and
instrumentation of the coax switches and dummy loads.  Work continued on
the design of the new rf demodulators. Design of a prototype pc board layout
will begin soon.  The National Instruments PXI hardware for the Fast Ferrite
Tuner  Control system is now in-house.  This equipment will be
mounted in a temporary rack early next week to allow setup and software
development to begin.  Assembly of some of the patching facilities for the
test setup have been started.

 
Lower Hybrid System
-------------------

Work continued last week on the electronics needed for the LH system.
PXI controller equipment ethernet connections have been established and
Labview RT as been downloaded to the PXI embedded controller.  A test
frequency generator virtual instrument has been downloaded and tested
in the controller equipment.  Various test patching facilities for the PXI
controller are being built to facilitate testing of analog and digital input
and output circuitry.  A test panel has been designed to allow
characterization of the vector  modulator.  An rf test circuit will be built
for the vector modulator and other components, and we will use
the NI test panels to help characterize its operation.  A VSWR circuit for
protection of the LH sources was breadboarded and measurements made. These
measurements agreed well with what was expected.  Work is progressing on the
design of the new two channel serial fiber optic transmitter/receiver boards
for analog signals to be used in the control system and elsewhere.


DNB and Related Diagnostics
---------------------------

Glass dust from at least one of the optical components of the MSE diagnostic
invessel assembly was found at the bottom of F-port. This damage is under
evaluation; some repair work for this diagnostic will be required during the
present opening.
 

Visitors and Travel
-------------------

Ian Hutchinson has begun a 5 month long sabattical at the Austalian National
University.  Earl Marmar has taken on his responsibilities while he is
away.