From: irby@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Reply-To: IRBY@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Subject: Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma
Organization: MIT


            Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
                  April 20, 2001
 

Invessel installation of the modified J-Port ICRF antenna is expected to begin
this weekend.  Invessel work on DNB related diagnostics was completed, and
we continue to work on the LH MIE Project and power systems.


Physics
-------

We continue to analyze the dynamics of off-axis ICRF-induced core transport
barriers. In these discharges, the barrier formation follows the transition
into an EDA H-Mode, at slightly reduced toroidal magnetic field, which places
the hydrogen minority resonance for 80 MHz ICRF to the high field side. In
typical cases, the density begins to peak, with a strong gradient in pressure
approximately out to the half minor radius. The peaking of both majority and
impurity densities can lead to radiative collapse and subsequent disruption. In
a series of experiments performed in December, 2000, we used our tunable RF
sources to apply heating at 70 MHz from the 4-strap antenna, while using the 2
dipole antennas at 80 and 80.5 MHz respectively. After the formation of the
core transport barrier, application of the lower frequency RF, for which the
minority resonance is close to the magnetic axis, can lead to the arrest of the
density and impurity buildup. In some cases, the peaked pressure profiles are
maintained over many confinement times, while the discharge continues to
exhibit sawtooth activity. An MPEG movie of the density profile evolution,
which demonstrates a number of the interesting properties of one such
discharge, can be downloaded from

      www.psfc.mit.edu/people/marmar/denmovie2.mpg

The movie shows the density profiles at 1 msec time intervals, along with the
ICRF powers, in MWatts, at the two different resonance locations. TRANSP
analysis of these discharges, including the measured ion and electron
temperature profiles, is ongoing.
 
Recombination profiles in the Alcator C-Mod divertor have been investigated
using the tangentially-viewing divertor CCD camera, the visible
spectrometer, and the flush-mounted and scanning Langmuir probes.  It has been
observed that during a density scan, the recombination rate on the outer
divertor leg remained small until it detached, and then increased and remained
constant as the density was increased beyond the detachment threshold.
The recombination rate in the private flux zone increased until detachment of
the outer leg, when the recombination rate was reduced to near negligible
levels and continued at that level as the density increased.  The
recombination rate on the inner leg decreased until the core density was
approximately 1.7 X 10^20 /m^3 (which is before the outer leg detaches)
when the recombination rate increases with increasing density. After comparing
the 2D recombination profiles from various densities,  it is hypothesized
that the cause of the plasma in the private flux zone and density dependence
of the recombination rates in the three regions, may be due to an ExB drift
caused by a parallel Grad(Te) term. Total particle current entering the
private flux zone through the outer divertor leg estimated by recombination
profiles and probe measurements, and the expected particle current due to the
ExB drift quantitatively agree to within the experimental error.  The
recombination profile of a high density, reversed field discharge yields
qualitative agreement with the hypothesis of the ExB drift.  Further
investigation is continuing using the B2-Eirene code.


ICRF Systems
------------

The striplines, which were baked over the long Holiday weekend, were removed
from the oven on Tuesday.  Following a final polish and cleanup, they are
now ready for installation invessel.  Work concentrated this week on the
installation of 0.03" copper plated steel covers needed as part of the
rf current return path.  These covers were e-beam welded to the Faraday
screen modules and then polished to eliminate any chance of arcing in this
critical area.  This process, together with some other small tasks, took more
time than expected, and we have lost some ground on our schedule.  We expect
to complete antenna installation, and invessel cleanup and documentation in
the coming week.

Gerd Schilling has taken the old stripline and septum support components
back with him to PPPL.  Randy Wilson plans to assemble them in the PPPL
rf test stand and collect data on rf breakdown effects.  They will also
be able to apply a magnetic field during the tests using a set of
PLT magnets.  These tests are aimed at improving our understanding of the
behavior of the original feedline configuration in C-Mod.

The new J-Port pressure gauge and mount has been installed.  The gauge will
be ready for operation following installation of the controller, cable, and
link to CAMAC.

Work continued on the phase fault system.  All the needed arc/phase
detector modules have been upgraded with new faster phase detector
chips.  System testing and calibration of the phase balance boards with
their associated arc/phase demods are ongoing. 


Diagnostics
-----------

Both of the CXRS shutters have been tested by manually pulling on the shutter
control wires.  All in-vessel fiber optics and guide tubing for the shutter
actuation wires have been spot welded in place and clamped down.  The exterior
vacuum vessel work is also nearly complete.  Only the attachment of the
wires to the feedthroughs  remains before all flanges can be torqued down.

We have begun an upgrade to our ratiomatic gauge controllers used for
pressure measurements on C-Mod.  A prototype was tested on C-Mod during
the last run period.  A new PC board incorporating the changes is being
being developed.


Lower Hybrid MIE Project
------------------------

The detailed electrical design for the transmitter cart and equipment racks
has been completed.  Work can now begin on the waveguide components.
The first TPS (transmitter protection system) PC board has been released
for bids.  Design has begun on the safety key-lock interlock system.

A test stand for simulating arcs on the lower hybrid coupler became
operational this week.  A 3kW magnetron source at 2.45 GHz drives a
waveguide arc that will be used to test arc detection electronics.

One of our new serial fiber optic links (SFOL) has been packaged and is
ready to undergo testing in the LH phase and amplitude control system.
Programs have been written to do open loop tests with the SFOL, I/Q
detector, and vector modulator, after which the closed loop tests will
begin.


Power Systems
-------------

New CAMAC and current and voltage transformers have been added to our
hi-yard diagnostics.  These signals will allow us to better monitor
our power systems, particularly the new lower hybrid power supply.


Travel and Visits
-----------------

Ed Synakowski from PPPL came to C-Mod on 4/20 for discussions on the off-axis
ICRF-stimulated internal transport barrier discharges and to present
the PSFC Seminar on "The NSTX Program and an Initial Look at Local
Physics."

Gerd Schilling (PPPL) spent the week here working with us on the J-Port
antenna modifications.