From: irby@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Reply-To: IRBY@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Subject: Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma
Organization: MIT


            Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
                  May 4, 2001



Alcator C-Mod is currently undergoing a 120C bake that is expected to last into
early next week.  Work continues on the ICRF, Lower Hybrid, DNB, and diagnostic
systems.


Physics
-------

Significant progress has been made in the past two weeks analyzing the
"two-frequency" ICRF heating experiments of internal transport barrier (ITB)
modes in C-Mod. These experiments were analyzed using the TRANSP code and
effort was concentrated on a shot on which 0.6 MW of 70 MHz heating
power was used to heat inside the transport barrier and also to control the
barrier. Off-axis heating was provided by 2 MW of ICRF power at 80 MHz.
In this shot, peaking of the density profile and the accumulation of impurities
were found to be arrested by application of the central heating power.
TRANSP analysis of this discharge  indicates the formation of a transport
barrier in Chi_eff at r/a < 0.45, during the off-axis ICRF heating phase.
After turn-on of the 70 MHz ICRF power, an increase in Chi_eff was found,
concomitant with the abatement of the density peaking.  However, a clear
barrier in Chi_eff still persisted with Chi_eff remaining well below its
pre-ITB value within the barrier region.  The ICRF power deposition and
energetic minority (H) tail evolution were computed in TRANSP using the
FPP - TORIC ICRF module. The results of these analyses will be reported
at the upcoming RF Topical Conference in Oxnard, CA and the Transport Task
Force Meeting in Alaska.

We have analyzed the ideal ballooning stability of the C-Mod edge in H-mode
using kinetic EFIT runs based on Thomson scattering measurements of edge
Te and ne profiles.  This analysis is part of a concentrated effort to
analyze stability of high and medium n ideal ballooning, peeling modes, and
resistive ballooning modes, to understand the physics of edge fluctuations in
the H-mode edge. For this analysis, accurate reconstruction of the equilibrium
in the edge region is important.  Since measurements of edge ion temperature
and current density are not yet available, we study the effects of these
parameters on stability by using various assumptions to model the edge profiles
for EFIT reconstruction.  Thus, for ion temperature we use profiles with the
built in assumption that Ti=Te and profiles which have no change in the Ti
gradient in the pedestal region relative to the core region.  For edge
current we use the profiles based only on neoclassical plasma resistivity and
the measured loop voltage ("ohmic" profiles) and profiles with bootstrap
current calculated with and without collisionality effects.   Analysis of
infinite n ideal ballooning mode stability carried out using BALOO code
showed that the pedestal pressure gradient is generally unstable if no
bootstrap current is included in analysis. However, taking into account the
bootstrap current driven by the pressure gradient stabilizes the edge even
when the current is reduced substantially by finite collisionality effects.
It is interesting to note that two extreme assumptions for ion temperature
gradient lead to very similar stability pictures. A reduced ion temperature
gradient leads to a small reduction of total pressure gradient at the
edge (less than 20% drop) and, since pressure gradients are normally
about 1.5 - 2 times higher than first ideal stability limit, does not
affect the overall results of the analysis. 

Jim Terry reported at the weekly Physics Meeting on his observations at the
April meeting of the APS, which took place April 28 - May 2 in Washington D.C.
This event is a general meeting of the APS. Jim presented an Alcator C-Mod
overview poster entitled  "Experiments in Plasma Physics and Fusion
Science on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak".    It was one of six other
fusion posters at the meeting. There was one invited talk from the fusion
community on self-organized criticality in plasma transport. The participation
at this meeting was an "outreach" by the fusion community to the rest of
the physics community.


Operations
----------

The C-Mod heater system was brought back online early this week in
preparation for the 120C bake which began on Friday.  The CRYO system for
controlling liquid nitrogen to the magnets was also brought online early
in the week.  The magnets are now cooled down to -25C to protect them
during the bake.  The ECDC system was brought back into operation
briefly to check the gas control system and the magnetron source.  ECDC wall
conditioning will begin early next week.  The pulsed gas system will be baked
out over the weekend and be ready for CAMAC cycle tests early next week.


ICRF Systems
------------

We continue to upgrade and test phase detectors and fault reporting electronics
for the transmitters.  Delays are being measured on all fault signals to
ensure the transmitters can be shut down in less than 10 us.  Fast current
monitors for the transmitters have been tested.  S-Parameter measurements of
the J-Port antenna indicate very little change from previous measurements.
These measurements confirm our attempt to maintain a 50 Ohm transmission line
while eliminating along field arc paths.  Both the 78 and 70 MHz feedline
and matching components have been fitup in the cell and tested successfully.

The J-Port MKS pressure gauge cabling has been installed and the data
acquisition tree prepared to read the new signal.  The response time of the
gauge and its proper operation will be tested during the CAMAC cycle and
gas puff tests planned for early next week.

All four FMIT transmitters have been tested into dummy loads and are
ready for operation.

Chris Brunkhorst (PPPL) has sent us his latest tuning models for the FMIT#3
and FMIT#4 transmitters. 


Lower Hybrid MIE Project
------------------------

Bids have been received by MIT for the Lower Hybrid site modifications, and
they are in line with expectations.  Work is expected to begin late summer
following the next run period.

We continue to work on the  control program for the active controller.  Parts
of the program  are being rewritten to improve performance.  Testing of the
new arc detection concept continues.


DNB
---

Conditioning of the DNB began this week with two days of arc only shots.
Arc  currents of 150 Amps were quickly achieved in an emission limited mode.
This amount of arc current is required for full beam current operation.
One day of beam shots achieved beam currents in the range of 4.5 A.


Inner Divertor
--------------

We expect all inner divertor tiles to be in-house by late next week.  Vendors
continue to work on the divertor C and backing plates.  The inner divertor
mockup is proceeding quickly.


Power Systems
-------------

All Alcator C-Mod power supplies are ready for operation.  The Alternator
will be brought up to speed next week and new instrumentation and sensors
will be tested.


Diagnostics
-----------

The impurity injection laser has been replaced by Perry Phillips and Bill
Rowan (UT-FRC).  The replacement laser has been tested to 2.4 J.  This new
laser will allow us to continue laser ablation of impurities for cold pulse,
impurity transport, and spectroscopic experiments.


Travel and Visits
-----------------

Martin Greenwald travelled to Washington DC to attend a meeting of
the ESnet Steering Committee where he presented a talk on Office of
Science programs and their network requirements to a group of DOE
program managers.

Eric Nelson-Melby traveled to the CRPP-EPFL in Lausanne, Switzerland
and gave a seminar on C-Mod RF PCI results entitled "Phase Contrast Imaging
of Ion Bernstein Waves in Alcator C-Mod."

Ron Parker, Miklos Porkolab, Joe Snipes, and Spencer Pitcher attended the
Burning Plasma Workshop II at General Atomics on May 1-3.  Options for a
future burning plasma experiment - Ignitor, FIRE, and ITER-FEAT, were
discussed.