From: irby@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Reply-To: IRBY@PSFC.MIT.EDU
Approved: plasma@cs.uml.edu
Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma
Organization: MIT
Subject:  Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
            Alcator C-Mod Weekly Highlights
                  September 28, 2001


The inspection of Alcator C-Mod continues.  Progress was also made on
LH, ICRF, and divertor systems.


Physics
-------

Data from power ramp experiments, including some new results from August
2001, have been analyzed in collaboration with Ben Carreras of ORNL.  In
these experiments, edge parameters are measured with high time and spatial
resolution throughout a controlled L-H-L hysteresis cycle.  An effort has
been made to cast measurements in terms of flux vs gradients, in the forms
suggested by models of the H-mode as a critical transition.  The variation
of thermal conductivity chi, in L and H mode, as a function of local
gradients can then be directly assessed.  Strongly  non-monotonic
flux-gradient relationships are indeed found.  Results are consistent with
a dependence of conductivity on temperature gradient, having a very sharp
decrease above a critical value, which is independent of density.  Other
flux-gradient relations are also possible.  These results were summarized
at a recent C-Mod group meeting and presented at the recent IAEA TCM in
Japan.  It is hoped that they will stimulate further discussion with other
theorists.

Analysis of the edge turbulence data continues (MIT/PPPL collaboration).
Using the Princeton Scientific Instruments "ultra-fast" camera, that takes 12
sequential 4 usec images in D_alpha light from the separatrix region, we are
able to follow the evolution of the "blobs" of emission that have been seen
previously in the C-Mod edge plasma.  We believe that they reflect the
"blobby" nature of the density there.  The characteristic size of the
brighter "blobs" is slightly less than 1 cm in both the radial and poloidal
dimension (they have much longer characteristic wavelengths along the field).
The characteristic lifetime of the brighter "blobs" is 10-50 microseconds.
The time-sequenced images show clearly that these "blobs" move both radially
and poloidally.  Outside the separatrix the dominant radial propagation
direction is outward.  Characteristic outward speeds for the some of the
brighter "blobs" are as much as 400 m/s, which means that they move a distance
similar to their size during a lifetime.  In contrast, some "blobs" move very
little during their lifetimes.  The poloidal velocities for the features that
move poloidally are also as much as a few hundred m/s.  Eddy-like motion of
some features has also been observed.  Examples of data from this
diagnostic may be viewed at:

http://www.psfc.mit.edu/people/terry/edge-turbulence-movies.html

A sawtooth heat pulse propagation study has shown that plasma discharges
(off-axis ICRF heated) with an internal transport barrier (ITB) may have a
notch-shaped transport coefficient profile (Chi_e). The notched region
corresponds to a discontinuity in the time-to-peak profile as shown in soft
X-ray data. A code has been developed to calculate the Chi_e profile by
solving a simplified 1-D transport equation. The ITB region also seems to
move inward during the first 10-20 msec of the discharge, which may give a
hint of the trigger mechanism.  Further study is underway to check the
ballistic effects in the heat-pulse study.


Inspection
----------

All upper horizontal TF arms and vertical legs have been removed from the
machine.  The upper wedge and mounting plates have also been removed, giving
full access to the upper OH coaxes. A detailed inspection of the TF joints,
spring plates, and feltmetal is in progress.  No significant problems have
been found.  Inspection of the OH coaxes will begin next week. 


Lower Hybrid MIE Project
------------------------

The HVPS has arrived in port (New Jersey).  Shipment to Cambridge should take
place next week.  We continue to prepare the control system, dummy load,
cabling, data links, interlock circuits, and other equipment needed to test
the supply.

Work continues on the TPS (Transmitter Protection System) for the LH
klystrons.  All HV faults are now indicating properly.  HV enable outputs have
also been verified for proper operation.  The enable outputs have been shown
to properly drive the fiber-optic transmitters.

The control PLC ladder logic program has been modified so that it will
communicate properly with the HVPS PLC when it arrives.

We continue working with the contractors on the layout and specifications
for the cooling water manifolds.  The contractor is making progress on the
cooling water piping.

Wiring of the EMI/RFI control and protection chassis is proceeding as is
the wiring for the transmitter control and supply cabinets.


ICRF Systems
------------

We continue to test mockups of the new phase demodulators.  A system
using a downconvertor with an IF at 10 MHz has been shown to provide
very good linearity.  Modeling of the antennas and transmission system
is proceeding.


Inner Divertor
--------------

Installation of the divertor components invessel revealed a .020"
interference between the c-plates.  We are currently making modifications
to the plates, and expect to be ready for another trial fitup next week.
Stud welding tests, and preps to tile support plates are moving forward.


Leadership Award
----------------

Ron Parker has been awarded the Fusion Power Associates 2001 Leadership
Award.  The citation reads:

Ron Parker, former director of the MIT Plasma Fusion Center and former
leader of the ITER co-center in Garching, Germany, is recognized for his
many scientific contributions to fusion research, his dedication to the
production of high performance fusion conditions in the laboratory and his
leadership and vision to the cause of developing practical fusion power."
His awards states, "You have provided inspiration and technical guidance to
the tokamak fusion program and leadership to those seeking to expedite the
development of a practical fusion power system."


Trips and Visits
----------------

Miklos Porkolab, Ron Parker, and Earl Marmar attended the Fusion Power
Associates annual meeting in Washington, Sept. 25,26.  Ron presented a talk
entitled "Comparative Overview of Burning Plasma Experiments", and Earl
presented a talk on the "Alcator C-Mod National Facility Advanced Tokamak
Program."

Stew Zweben was at MIT 9/24-26 for discussions on the analysis of the
Gas Puff Imaging diagnostic results.  Gerrit Kramer, Raffi Nazikian
and Jay Kung came up on 9/28 to present their latest thoughts on upgrades
to the C-Mod reflectometer diagnostic which would extend the
measurement of fluctuations to the plasma core; several issues remain
to be resolved.  Gerd Schilling was at MIT 9/25-28 for discussions on
programmatic issues, ICRF antenna modeling and the remaining 4-strap
antenna modifications, and to participate in the reflectometer
upgrade discussions.

Bob Harvey from CompX visited the PSFC (Sept. 24-28). Bob worked with Paul
Bonoli on theoretical and computational issues related to coupling the
TORIC ICRF field solver to the 3-D Fokker Planck code CQL3-D. They also
carried out simulations of lower hybrid current drive for C-Mod using plasmas
typical of the density barrier mode produced with off-axis ICRF. The
calculations were done with CQL3-D and the GENRAY ray tracing code using an
EQDSK MHD equilibrium reconstruction for an actual C-Mod ITB discharge.