From: "Oliver Keating" <oliver.keating@NOSPAMPLEASE.ic.ac.uk>

Newsgroups: sci.physics.plasma

References: <cnb87u$e11$1@saturn.cs.uml.edu>

Subject: Re: ITER - reactor

Date: Wed, 29 Dec 2004 12:16:12 -0000

Organization: Customer of PlusNet plc (http://www.plus.net)

 

 

"Lubos Motl" <motl@feynman.harvard.edu> wrote in message

news:cnb87u$e11$1@saturn.cs.uml.edu...

> 

> Hi!

> 

> Does anyone know how big chance there is that ITER will work? What are the

> main problems with the project right now?

> 

> http://motls.blogspot.com/2004/11/fusion-reactor-iter.html

> 

> Please send your answer to your e-mail, or post it to my blog. Thanks.

> 

> Best wishes

> Lubos

> ______________________________________________________________________________

> E-mail: lumo@matfyz.cz    fax: 617/496-0110   Web:

> http://lumo.matfyz.cz/

>   eFax: 801/454-1858  work: 617/384-9488  home: 617/868-4487

> (call)

>   Webs: http://schwinger.harvard.edu/~motl/     http://motls.blogspot.com/

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I work at the Culham Science Center, England. We have two machines, one

called "MAST" and one called "JET". Fusion works, that has been

demonstrated, particularly on JET, where a power of 17MW of fusion has been

demonstrated. The problem is, that to run JET along with all of its

associated components takes nearly 1GW of electrical power to run it up. In

fact so much that the energy has to be stored on site by way of two

enourmous 400 ton spinning machines, to even the load on the power grid.

 

ITER has a couple of main advantages over JET - it is bigger. Arguably the

main barrier to fusion is turblence, this transports the heat and energy out

of the plasma quickly, but if you make the plasma very big, it takes longer

and therefore you get better results. The problem is a bigger machine is

much more expensive, but fusion power certainly seems to suit economies of

scale quite well, unlike what "spiderman2" would have you believe. Secondly

ITER will use superconducting field coils. The intense magnetic field

required to contain the plasma has to be generated by driving several

millions of amps of current around coils. A high school physicist will tell

you the power lost goes like current squared, so superconding coils will

greatly cut down the power requirements of ITER, and move us a bit closer to

the goal of producing a machine that can make more power from fusion than

the power it takes to run it!

 

The question is not whether ITER will "work", the question is how well will

it work. It is hoped it will provide 500MW of power (not to be turned into

electricity) and have a plasma for several minutes at a time. Many

theoretical work has been done, this machine costs 5 billion dollars, no one

wants it to be a white elephant. The only thing to do now is build it and

see what happens, if the predictions are right, and begin on some of the

other technological and scientific challenges in fusion, such as materials.

 

I think people under-estimate the importance of the fusion project. This

really is the only geniune alternative to fossil fuel production, and unlike

solar or wind power, can easily provide the "base load" and doesn't take up

any more space than a conventional power plant.